As a general rule, start with half of the amount the recipe calls for (unless directed otherwise), and add the spice until it suits your taste. Allspice: cinnamon, dash nutmeg or dash cloves Aniseed: fennel seed or a few drops anise extract Cardamom: ginger Chili powder: dash of bottled hot pepper sauce plus a combination of oregano and cumin Cinnamon: nutmeg or allspice (use only 1/4 of the amount stated in recipe) ...
Substitute 1 cup half-and-half… 1 tablespoon melted butter plus enough whole milk to make 1 cup
Substitute 1 cup self-rising flour… 1 cup all-pupose flour 1 teaspoon baking power 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/4 teaspoon baking soda
To substitute 1 cup buttermilk… 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar plus enough milk to make 1 cup. Let stand at least 5 minutes, but preferably 15 minutes before using. Another replacement… use 1 cup plain yogurt
To substitute 1 teaspoon baking powder… 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar 1/4 teaspoon baking soda
Version 1 Mix… 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon 1/4 teaspoon ground nutmeg 1/8 teaspoon ground allspice dash of cloves or ginger Version 2 Mix… 2 teaspoons ground cinnamon 1 teaspoon ground nutmeg 1/2 teaspoon ground allspice 1/8 teaspoon ground cloves 1/8 teaspoon ground ginger